AUSTRALIA - Aboriginal - Songs from the Northern Territory cd3 torrent

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Songs From the Northern Territory 3: Music From Yirrkala and Milingimbi, North-Eastern Arnhem Land
Artist/Collector:
Alice Moyle
Label Information:
Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS): AIAS 3 CD
Media Type:
CD
Year:
Recorded 1963; Released 1997
Availability:
AIATSIS

Notes: For the purpose of music description, Eastern Arnhem Land of
the Northern Territory is divided here as follows: the north-eastern
sector including offshore islands; the eastern sector extending along
the coast south as far as the Roper River; and the Groote Eylandt
archipelago, north-west of the Gulf of Carpentaria.
Field recordings reproduced on this compact disc were collected in
the north-eastern sector at Yirrkala on the Gove Peninsula and
Milingimbi on the Crocodile Islands off the north coast. The Aboriginal
communities at these two localities, together with the people on
Galiwin'ku (previously called Elcho Island) have, in the anthropological
literature, been referred to as the Murngin (WL Warner) and Wulamba
(RM Berndt). More recently they have become known as the Yolngu, from a
local word meaning 'people'.
The artistic talents of the Yolngu were soon to become widely known and
admired. Their bark paintings are now to be found in many Australian
galleries and in galleries overseas. Two of their leading painters in the
early 1960s, both of the Rirratjingu clan, are to be heard as singers in
this series of compact discs (see discs 3 and 4).
Yolngu children excelled as singers and dancers at the Darwin Eisteddfod,
an annual 'top end' event which, in the 1960s, drew many Aboriginal entrants
from communities within and beyond Arnhem Land.
Since that time, there have been changes. Mission stations and government
stations are now Community Centres administered by the Aboriginal people
themselves and many have preferred to live more or less permanently on
outstations situated within traditional territories or homelands.
Item characteristics of Eastern Arnhem Land clan songs performed and
recorded in 1960s-all of which were sung by men-are summarised here as
follows: (1) a didjeridu accompaniment which utilises two tones differing
widely in pitch (the interval between the higher or overblown tone and
fundamental often sounding close to a tenth but varying according to the
shape and length of the hollowed branch); (2) a narrow vocal range of
pitch (compare them, for instance with Western Arnhem Land songs) which
rarely exceeds a fifth or sixth and may be less than a second; (3) clearly
audible song words which are translatable, meaningful and appropriate to
relevant clan territories and related myths; and (4) the occurrence of an
unaccompanied vocal termination (UVT), or termination of a song item by
voice or voices alone, after the accompanying instruments have ceased.
Good examples of this fourth item characteristic are to be heard on this
disc (Track 11) and disc 4 (Track 1).
Song refrains may consist of repeated strings of words and syllables,
a prolonged single syllable or a repeated pattern of vocal sounds
(for example, bird calls). These calls are incorporated into the particular
sectional or phraselike structure of many item sequences performed in
Eastern Arnhem Land.
As part of the music survey mentioned above, several visits were made to the
north-eastern sector and a fairly comprehensive coverage was obtained of songs
by men, women and children. I also made recordings of a number of ceremonial
events. An extract from one of these is to be heard in tracks 1-5 on this disc.

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